{"id":8,"date":"2015-03-24T14:46:46","date_gmt":"2015-03-24T15:46:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost:10014?page_id=8"},"modified":"2024-03-03T19:18:03","modified_gmt":"2024-03-03T20:18:03","slug":"research","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/research\/","title":{"rendered":"Research themes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<section id=\"huge_it_portfolio_content_3\"\r\n         style=\"clear: both\"\r\n         class=\"portfolio-gallery-content sortingActive \"\r\n         data-portfolio-id=\"3\">\r\n\t<div id=\"huge-it-container-loading-overlay_3\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"huge_it_portfolio_options_3\"\r\n\t\t\t     data-sorting-position=\"top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<ul  class=\"sort-by-button-group clearfix\" >\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li><a href=\"#sortBy=original-order\" data-option-value=\"original-order\" class=\"selected\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t       data>Default<\/a><\/li>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li><a href=\"#sortBy=load_date\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t       data-option-value=\"load_date\">Date<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li><a href=\"#sortBy=name\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t       data-option-value=\"name\">Title<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li id=\"shuffle\"><a data-option-value=\"random\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\thref='#shuffle'>Random<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\r\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"port-sort-direction\" class=\"option-set clearfix\" data-option-key=\"sortAscending\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li><a href=\"#sortAscending=true\" data-option-value=\"true\" data-option-key=\"number\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t       class=\"selected\">Ascending<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li><a href=\"#sortAscending=false\" data-option-key=\"number\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t       data-option-value=\"false\">Descending<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"huge_it_portfolio_container_3\"\r\n\t     data-show-loading=\"off\"\r\n\t     data-show-center=\"center\"\r\n\t     class=\"huge_it_portfolio_container super-list variable-sizes clearfix view-full-width\" >\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div\r\n\t\t\t\tclass=\"portelement portelement_3 colorbox_grouping   \" data-symbol=\"Cooperation\" data-category=\"alkaline-earth\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"left-block_3\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"main-image-block_3 add-H-relative\">\r\n                        <p style=\"display:none;\" class=\"load_date\">2017-06-18 10:41:53<\/p>\r\n                        <p style=\"display:none;\" class=\"number\">14<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/DSC_0569.jpg\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   class=\" portfolio-group1-3\"\r\n                                       data-description=\" Explaining why individuals help others remains a great challenge. The problem is that, given selfish interests, why should an individual do something that provides a benefit for another? Kin selection provides a clear reason. However, there is no unifying explanation for why cooperation evolves in some species but not others. \r\n\r\nWe try to resolve this using a combination of comparative techniques that address:\r\n1.\tWhy do some species of birds breed cooperatively in groups and others breed independently?\r\n\r\n2.\tWhy are some species unicellular and others multicellular?\r\n\r\n3.\tHow do symbiotic relationships evolve?\r\n\r\nAnd experimental approaches to examine:\r\n\r\n1.\tHow the benefits and costs of cooperation change across different social settings in ostriches - a facultative cooperative breeder\r\n\r\n2.\tThe molecular pre-adaptations to multicellular life in green algae\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   title=\"Cooperation\" data-groupID=\"1-3\"><img\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\talt=\"Cooperation\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tid=\"wd-cl-img0\"\r\n                                            data-title=\" \"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tsrc=\"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/DSC_0569.jpg\"><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"thumbs-block\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"thumbs-list_3\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/DSC_0509-2.jpg\" data-description=\" Explaining why individuals help others remains a great challenge. The problem is that, given selfish interests, why should an individual do something that provides a benefit for another? Kin selection provides a clear reason. However, there is no unifying explanation for why cooperation evolves in some species but not others. \r\n\r\nWe try to resolve this using a combination of comparative techniques that address:\r\n1.\tWhy do some species of birds breed cooperatively in groups and others breed independently?\r\n\r\n2.\tWhy are some species unicellular and others multicellular?\r\n\r\n3.\tHow do symbiotic relationships evolve?\r\n\r\nAnd experimental approaches to examine:\r\n\r\n1.\tHow the benefits and costs of cooperation change across different social settings in ostriches - a facultative cooperative breeder\r\n\r\n2.\tThe molecular pre-adaptations to multicellular life in green algae\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t       class=\" portfolio-group1-3 \" data-groupID=\"1-3\"><img alt=\"Cooperation\"\r\n                                                  data-title=\" \"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tsrc=\"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/DSC_0509-2.jpg\"><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/410032BA-CC8E-4659-B280-93B04A5FD785-scaled.jpeg\" data-description=\" Explaining why individuals help others remains a great challenge. The problem is that, given selfish interests, why should an individual do something that provides a benefit for another? Kin selection provides a clear reason. However, there is no unifying explanation for why cooperation evolves in some species but not others. \r\n\r\nWe try to resolve this using a combination of comparative techniques that address:\r\n1.\tWhy do some species of birds breed cooperatively in groups and others breed independently?\r\n\r\n2.\tWhy are some species unicellular and others multicellular?\r\n\r\n3.\tHow do symbiotic relationships evolve?\r\n\r\nAnd experimental approaches to examine:\r\n\r\n1.\tHow the benefits and costs of cooperation change across different social settings in ostriches - a facultative cooperative breeder\r\n\r\n2.\tThe molecular pre-adaptations to multicellular life in green algae\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t       class=\" portfolio-group1-3 \" data-groupID=\"1-3\"><img alt=\"Cooperation\"\r\n                                                  data-title=\" \"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tsrc=\"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/410032BA-CC8E-4659-B280-93B04A5FD785-scaled.jpeg\"><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"right-block\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-block_3\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"name\" >Cooperation<\/h3><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"description-block_3\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Explaining why individuals help others remains a great challenge. The problem is that, given selfish interests, why should an individual do something that provides a benefit for another? Kin selection provides a clear reason. However, there is no unifying explanation for why cooperation evolves in some species but not others. \r\n\r\nWe try to resolve this using a combination of comparative techniques that address:\r\n1.\tWhy do some species of birds breed cooperatively in groups and others breed independently?\r\n\r\n2.\tWhy are some species unicellular and others multicellular?\r\n\r\n3.\tHow do symbiotic relationships evolve?\r\n\r\nAnd experimental approaches to examine:\r\n\r\n1.\tHow the benefits and costs of cooperation change across different social settings in ostriches - a facultative cooperative breeder\r\n\r\n2.\tThe molecular pre-adaptations to multicellular life in green algae<\/p><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div\r\n\t\t\t\tclass=\"portelement portelement_3 colorbox_grouping   \" data-symbol=\"Evolutionary Innovation\" data-category=\"alkaline-earth\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"left-block_3\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"main-image-block_3 add-H-relative\">\r\n                        <p style=\"display:none;\" class=\"load_date\">2017-06-18 10:41:53<\/p>\r\n                        <p style=\"display:none;\" class=\"number\">16<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/preying-mantis.jpg\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   class=\" portfolio-group2-3\"\r\n                                       data-description=\" Uncovering how species evolve innovations that allow them to enter unchartered ecological territory remains unclear. We are interested in explaining how both individual and social adaptations evolve to cope with specific environmental challenges such as harsh environmental conditions e.g. hot temperatures. We address these issues using comparative analyses across birds and experimental work that combines genomic, quantitative genetic and thermal imaging analysis in ostriches.\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   title=\"Evolutionary Innovation\" data-groupID=\"2-3\"><img\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\talt=\"Evolutionary Innovation\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tid=\"wd-cl-img1\"\r\n                                            data-title=\" \"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tsrc=\"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/preying-mantis.jpg\"><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"thumbs-block\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"thumbs-list_3\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/2196057657_482cd2c203_b_cyanobacteria.jpg\" data-description=\" Uncovering how species evolve innovations that allow them to enter unchartered ecological territory remains unclear. We are interested in explaining how both individual and social adaptations evolve to cope with specific environmental challenges such as harsh environmental conditions e.g. hot temperatures. We address these issues using comparative analyses across birds and experimental work that combines genomic, quantitative genetic and thermal imaging analysis in ostriches.\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t       class=\" portfolio-group2-3 \" data-groupID=\"2-3\"><img alt=\"Evolutionary Innovation\"\r\n                                                  data-title=\" \"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tsrc=\"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/2196057657_482cd2c203_b_cyanobacteria.jpg\"><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Mikrofoto.de-volvox-17.jpg\" data-description=\" Uncovering how species evolve innovations that allow them to enter unchartered ecological territory remains unclear. We are interested in explaining how both individual and social adaptations evolve to cope with specific environmental challenges such as harsh environmental conditions e.g. hot temperatures. We address these issues using comparative analyses across birds and experimental work that combines genomic, quantitative genetic and thermal imaging analysis in ostriches.\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t       class=\" portfolio-group2-3 \" data-groupID=\"2-3\"><img alt=\"Evolutionary Innovation\"\r\n                                                  data-title=\" Mikrofoto.de-volvox-17\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tsrc=\"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Mikrofoto.de-volvox-17-150x150.jpg\"><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"right-block\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-block_3\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"name\" >Evolutionary Innovation<\/h3><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"description-block_3\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Uncovering how species evolve innovations that allow them to enter unchartered ecological territory remains unclear. We are interested in explaining how both individual and social adaptations evolve to cope with specific environmental challenges such as harsh environmental conditions e.g. hot temperatures. We address these issues using comparative analyses across birds and experimental work that combines genomic, quantitative genetic and thermal imaging analysis in ostriches.<\/p><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div\r\n\t\t\t\tclass=\"portelement portelement_3 colorbox_grouping   \" data-symbol=\"Disease\" data-category=\"alkaline-earth\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"left-block_3\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"main-image-block_3 add-H-relative\">\r\n                        <p style=\"display:none;\" class=\"load_date\">2017-06-18 10:41:53<\/p>\r\n                        <p style=\"display:none;\" class=\"number\">13<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/51465e76bd2a55f0_640_bacteria.jpg\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   class=\" portfolio-group3-3\"\r\n                                       data-description=\" The breakdown of cooperative societies and simple mutlicelluarity has occurred almost as frequently as their formation. However, the factors causing the breakdown of such complexity remain unclear. Living in cooperative groups clearly holds a number of advantages, but the very same factors that favour their formation (high relatedness and living in close proximity) are predicted to render them vulnerable to one of the most potent evolutionary forces \u2013 pathogens. \r\n\r\nFrom the point of view of pathogens, choosing hosts that live in cooperative societies is advantageous for two reasons. First, cooperative groups often consist of related individuals so when the immune defence of one host is circumvented the probability of infecting another host is high. This is known as the monoculture effect after the fact that in agricultural crops high genetic similarity allows diseases to spread quickly. Second, the number of hosts and the contact between them is much higher in groups relative solitary species. This is expected to increase rates of horizontal transmission allowing pathogens to more aggressively exploit hosts and ultimately cause higher virulence. \r\n\r\nWe integrate genomic tools with phylogenetic and experimental analyses to address:\r\n\r\n1.\tIf the breakdown of cooperative breeding in birds has been caused by pathogens\r\n\r\n2.\tHow the beneficial and harmful bacteria in the gut microbiome of developing ostrich chicks influence fitness under experimentally manipulated social contexts.\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   title=\"Disease\" data-groupID=\"3-3\"><img\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\talt=\"Disease\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tid=\"wd-cl-img2\"\r\n                                            data-title=\" \"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tsrc=\"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/51465e76bd2a55f0_640_bacteria.jpg\"><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"thumbs-block\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"thumbs-list_3\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/20160928-DSC02358.jpg\" data-description=\" The breakdown of cooperative societies and simple mutlicelluarity has occurred almost as frequently as their formation. However, the factors causing the breakdown of such complexity remain unclear. Living in cooperative groups clearly holds a number of advantages, but the very same factors that favour their formation (high relatedness and living in close proximity) are predicted to render them vulnerable to one of the most potent evolutionary forces \u2013 pathogens. \r\n\r\nFrom the point of view of pathogens, choosing hosts that live in cooperative societies is advantageous for two reasons. First, cooperative groups often consist of related individuals so when the immune defence of one host is circumvented the probability of infecting another host is high. This is known as the monoculture effect after the fact that in agricultural crops high genetic similarity allows diseases to spread quickly. Second, the number of hosts and the contact between them is much higher in groups relative solitary species. This is expected to increase rates of horizontal transmission allowing pathogens to more aggressively exploit hosts and ultimately cause higher virulence. \r\n\r\nWe integrate genomic tools with phylogenetic and experimental analyses to address:\r\n\r\n1.\tIf the breakdown of cooperative breeding in birds has been caused by pathogens\r\n\r\n2.\tHow the beneficial and harmful bacteria in the gut microbiome of developing ostrich chicks influence fitness under experimentally manipulated social contexts.\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t       class=\" portfolio-group3-3 \" data-groupID=\"3-3\"><img alt=\"Disease\"\r\n                                                  data-title=\" \"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tsrc=\"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/20160928-DSC02358.jpg\"><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Giles_San_Martin2-scaled.jpg\" data-description=\" The breakdown of cooperative societies and simple mutlicelluarity has occurred almost as frequently as their formation. However, the factors causing the breakdown of such complexity remain unclear. Living in cooperative groups clearly holds a number of advantages, but the very same factors that favour their formation (high relatedness and living in close proximity) are predicted to render them vulnerable to one of the most potent evolutionary forces \u2013 pathogens. \r\n\r\nFrom the point of view of pathogens, choosing hosts that live in cooperative societies is advantageous for two reasons. First, cooperative groups often consist of related individuals so when the immune defence of one host is circumvented the probability of infecting another host is high. This is known as the monoculture effect after the fact that in agricultural crops high genetic similarity allows diseases to spread quickly. Second, the number of hosts and the contact between them is much higher in groups relative solitary species. This is expected to increase rates of horizontal transmission allowing pathogens to more aggressively exploit hosts and ultimately cause higher virulence. \r\n\r\nWe integrate genomic tools with phylogenetic and experimental analyses to address:\r\n\r\n1.\tIf the breakdown of cooperative breeding in birds has been caused by pathogens\r\n\r\n2.\tHow the beneficial and harmful bacteria in the gut microbiome of developing ostrich chicks influence fitness under experimentally manipulated social contexts.\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t       class=\" portfolio-group3-3 \" data-groupID=\"3-3\"><img alt=\"Disease\"\r\n                                                  data-title=\" \"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tsrc=\"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Giles_San_Martin2-scaled.jpg\"><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"right-block\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-block_3\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"name\" >Disease<\/h3><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"description-block_3\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The breakdown of cooperative societies and simple mutlicelluarity has occurred almost as frequently as their formation. However, the factors causing the breakdown of such complexity remain unclear. Living in cooperative groups clearly holds a number of advantages, but the very same factors that favour their formation (high relatedness and living in close proximity) are predicted to render them vulnerable to one of the most potent evolutionary forces \u2013 pathogens. \r\n\r\nFrom the point of view of pathogens, choosing hosts that live in cooperative societies is advantageous for two reasons. First, cooperative groups often consist of related individuals so when the immune defence of one host is circumvented the probability of infecting another host is high. This is known as the monoculture effect after the fact that in agricultural crops high genetic similarity allows diseases to spread quickly. Second, the number of hosts and the contact between them is much higher in groups relative solitary species. This is expected to increase rates of horizontal transmission allowing pathogens to more aggressively exploit hosts and ultimately cause higher virulence. \r\n\r\nWe integrate genomic tools with phylogenetic and experimental analyses to address:\r\n\r\n1.\tIf the breakdown of cooperative breeding in birds has been caused by pathogens\r\n\r\n2.\tHow the beneficial and harmful bacteria in the gut microbiome of developing ostrich chicks influence fitness under experimentally manipulated social contexts.<\/p><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div\r\n\t\t\t\tclass=\"portelement portelement_3 colorbox_grouping   \" data-symbol=\"Sex\" data-category=\"alkaline-earth\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"left-block_3\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"main-image-block_3 add-H-relative\">\r\n                        <p style=\"display:none;\" class=\"load_date\">2017-06-18 10:41:53<\/p>\r\n                        <p style=\"display:none;\" class=\"number\">15<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/20151028-DSC00505.jpeg\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   class=\" portfolio-group4-3\"\r\n                                       data-description=\" We address the issue of how selection on sexual behaviour influences the evolution of monogamy. Monogamy is important as it increases relatedness within families setting the scene for the formation of cooperative societies. However, why females are monogamous \/ promiscuous is a long-standing mystery. We try to understand variation in rates of female promiscuity using genomic tools combined with manipulations of social structure of breeding groups of ostriches.\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   title=\"Sex\" data-groupID=\"4-3\"><img\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\talt=\"Sex\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tid=\"wd-cl-img3\"\r\n                                            data-title=\" 20151028-DSC00505\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tsrc=\"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/20151028-DSC00505-1024x683.jpeg\"><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"thumbs-block\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"thumbs-list_3\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/DSC_0644.jpg\" data-description=\" We address the issue of how selection on sexual behaviour influences the evolution of monogamy. Monogamy is important as it increases relatedness within families setting the scene for the formation of cooperative societies. However, why females are monogamous \/ promiscuous is a long-standing mystery. We try to understand variation in rates of female promiscuity using genomic tools combined with manipulations of social structure of breeding groups of ostriches.\"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t       class=\" portfolio-group4-3 \" data-groupID=\"4-3\"><img alt=\"Sex\"\r\n                                                  data-title=\" \"\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tsrc=\"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/DSC_0644.jpg\"><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"right-block\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"title-block_3\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"name\" >Sex<\/h3><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"description-block_3\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>We address the issue of how selection on sexual behaviour influences the evolution of monogamy. Monogamy is important as it increases relatedness within families setting the scene for the formation of cooperative societies. However, why females are monogamous \/ promiscuous is a long-standing mystery. We try to understand variation in rates of female promiscuity using genomic tools combined with manipulations of social structure of breeding groups of ostriches.<\/p><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"button-block\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/publications\/\" target=\"_blank\">View More<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/section><style>\r\n.portelement_3 .play-icon.youtube-icon  {\r\n    background: url(http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/plugins\/portfolio-gallery\/assets\/images\/admin_images\/play.youtube.png) center center no-repeat;\r\n    background-size: 30% 30%;\r\n}\r\n.portelement_3 .play-icon.vimeo-icon  {\r\n    background: url(http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/plugins\/portfolio-gallery\/assets\/images\/admin_images\/play.vimeo.png) center center no-repeat;\r\n    background-size: 30% 30%;\r\n}\r\n.portelement_3 .play-icon {\r\n    position: absolute;\r\n    top: 0px;\r\n    left: 0px;\r\n    width: 100%;\r\n    height: 100%;\r\n}\r\n.add-H-relative {\r\n    position: relative;\r\n}\r\n.add-H-block {\r\n    display: block;\r\n    border: none !important;\r\n    box-shadow: none;\r\n\r\n}\r\n\/***<\/add>***\/\r\n.portelement_3 {\r\n    position: relative;\r\n    width: calc(96% - 2px);\r\n    margin:5px 0px 5px 0px;\r\n    padding:2%;\r\n    clear:both;\r\n    overflow: hidden;\r\n    border:1px solid #dedede;\r\n    background:#f9f9f9;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.portelement_3 div.left-block_3 {\r\n    padding-right: 10px;\r\n    display: inline-block;\r\n    float: left;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.portelement_3 div.left-block_3 .main-image-block_3 {\r\n    clear:both;\r\n    width:240px;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.portelement_3 div.left-block_3 .main-image-block_3 img {\r\n    margin:0px !important;\r\n    padding:0px !important;\r\n    width:240px !important;\r\n    height:auto;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.portelement_3 div.left-block_3 .thumbs-block {\r\n    position:relative;\r\n    margin-top:10px;\r\n    display: inline-block;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.portelement_3 div.left-block_3 .thumbs-block .thumbs-list_3{\r\n    padding: 0 !important;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.portelement_3 div.left-block_3 .thumbs-block ul {\r\n    width:240px;\r\n    height:auto;\r\n    display:table;\r\n    margin:0px;\r\n    padding:0px;\r\n    list-style:none;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.portelement_3 div.left-block_3 .thumbs-block ul li {\r\n    margin:2px 3px 0px 2px;\r\n    padding:0px;\r\n    width:75px;\r\n    height:75px;\r\n    float:left;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.portelement_3 div.left-block_3 .thumbs-block ul li a {\r\n    display:block;\r\n    width:75px;\r\n    height:75px;\r\n    border: none;\r\n    box-shadow: none;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.portelement_3 div.left-block_3 .thumbs-block ul li a img {\r\n    margin:0px !important;\r\n    padding:0px !important;\r\n    width:75px;\r\n    height:75px;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.portelement_3 div.right-block {\r\n    vertical-align:top;\r\n    float: right;\r\n    display: inline-block;\r\n    width: calc(96% - 240px);\r\n}\r\n\r\n.portelement_3 div.right-block > div {\r\n    width:100%;\r\n    padding-bottom:10px;\r\n    margin-top:10px;\r\n    background:url('http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-content\/plugins\/portfolio-gallery\/assets\/images\/admin_images\/divider.line.png') center bottom repeat-x;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.portelement_3 div.right-block > div:last-child {\r\n    background:none;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.portelement_3 div.right-block .title-block_3  {\r\n    margin-top:3px;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.portelement_3 div.right-block .title-block_3 h3 {\r\n    margin:0px;\r\n    padding:0px;\r\n    font-weight:normal;\r\n    font-size:18px !important;\r\n    line-height:22px !important;\r\n    color:#0074a2;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.portelement_3 div.right-block .description-block_3 p,.portelement_3 div.right-block .description-block_3  {\r\n    margin:0px;\r\n    padding:0px;\r\n    font-size:14px;\r\n    color:#555555;\r\n    text-align: justify;\r\n}\r\n\r\n\r\n.portelement_3 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a:visited {\r\n    position:relative;\r\n    display:inline-block;\r\n    padding:6px 12px;\r\n    background:#2ea2cd;\r\n    color:#ffffff;\r\n    font-size:14px;\r\n    text-decoration:none;\r\n    border:none;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.portelement_3 div.right-block .button-block a:hover,.pupup-elemen.element div.right-block .button-block a:focus,.portelement_3 div.right-block .button-block a:active {\r\n    background:#0074a2;\r\n    color:#ffffff;\r\n    border:none;\r\n}\r\n\r\n#huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_options_3 {\r\n    position: relative;\r\n    overflow: hidden;\r\nwidth: auto; margin-bottom: 5px;display:table;\r\n    margin-bottom: 10px;\r\n}\r\n\r\n#huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_options_3 ul {\r\n    margin: 0px !important;\r\n    padding: 0px !important;\r\n    list-style: none;\r\nfloat:left;margin-left:1%;}\r\n\r\n#huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_filters_3 ul {\r\n    margin: 0px !important;\r\n    padding: 0px !important;\r\n    overflow: hidden;\r\n    width: 100%;\r\n}\r\n\r\n\r\n#huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_options_3 ul li {\r\n    border-radius: 0px;\r\n    list-style-type: none;\r\n    margin: 0px !important;\r\n    padding: 0;\r\nfloat:left !important;margin: 0px 8px 4px 0px !important;border: 1px solid #ccc;}\r\n\r\n#huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_options_3 ul li a {\r\n    background-color: #F7F7F7 !important;\r\n    border-radius: 0px;\r\n    font-size:14px !important;\r\n    color:#555555 !important;\r\n    text-decoration: none;\r\n    cursor: pointer;\r\n    margin: 0px !important;\r\n    display: block;\r\n    padding:3px;\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/*#huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_options_3 ul li:hover {\r\n\r\n}*\/\r\n\r\n#huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_options_3 ul li a:hover {\r\n    background-color: #FF3845 !important;\r\n    color:#ffffff !important;\r\n    cursor: pointer;\r\n}\r\n\r\n#huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_filters_3 {\r\n    position: relative;\r\n    overflow: hidden;\r\nfloat:;margin-top:5px;max-width:180px;width:20%;display:inline-block;margin-left:1%;\r\n}\r\n\r\n#huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_filters_3 ul li {\r\n    border-radius: 0px;\r\n    list-style-type: none;\r\nborder: 1px solid #ccc;}\r\n\r\n#huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_filters_3 ul li a {\r\n    font-size:14px !important;\r\n    color:#555555 !important;\r\n    background-color: #F7F7F7 !important;\r\n    border-radius: 0px;\r\n    padding:3px;\r\n    display: block;\r\n    text-decoration: none;\r\n}\r\n\r\n#huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_filters_3  ul li a:hover {\r\n    color:#ffffff !important;\r\n    background-color: #FF3845 !important;\r\n    cursor: pointer;\r\n}\r\n#huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_filters_3 ul li.active a,\r\n#huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_filters_3 ul li.active a:link,\r\n#huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_filters_3 ul li.active a:visited,\r\n#huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_filters_3  ul li.active a:hover,\r\n#huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_filters_3  ul li.active a:focus,\r\n#huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_filters_3  ul li.active a:active {\r\n    color:#ffffff !important;\r\n    background-color: #FF3845 !important;\r\n    cursor: pointer;\r\n}\r\n#huge_it_portfolio_content_3 section {\r\n    position:relative;\r\n    display:block;\r\n}\r\n\r\n#huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_container_3 {\r\n\r\n    width: 79%;\r\nwidth:100%;\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (max-width: 768px) {\r\n\r\n    #huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_filters_3 ul li a,\r\n    #huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_filters_3 ul li a:link,\r\n    #huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_filters_3 ul li a:visited {\r\n        font-size: 2vw !important;\r\n    }\r\n    #huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_options_3 ul li a {\r\n        font-size:2vw !important;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n}\r\n\r\n@media screen and (max-width: 600px) {\r\n    .portelement_3 div.left-block_3 {\r\n        width: 100%;\r\n    }\r\n    .portelement_3 div.left-block_3 .main-image-block_3{\r\n        float: left;\r\n    }\r\n    .portelement_3 div.left-block_3 .thumbs-block{\r\n        width: calc(100% - 250px);\r\n        margin-left: 10px;\r\n    }\r\n    .portelement_3 div.left-block_3 .thumbs-block ul{\r\n        width: auto;\r\n    }\r\n    .portelement_3 div.right-block {\r\n        width: 100%;\r\n    }\r\n    .portelement_3 div.right-block .title-block_3 h3 {\r\n        text-align: center;\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n\r\n@media screen and (max-width: 480px) {\r\n\r\n    #huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_filters_3 ul li a,\r\n    #huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_filters_3 ul li a:link,\r\n    #huge_it_portfolio_content_3 #huge_it_portfolio_filters_3 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float:top;\r\nmargin-left:1%;}\r\n<\/style>\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8"}],"version-history":[{"count":41,"href":"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1096,"href":"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8\/revisions\/1096"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost:10014\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}